Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea ADS-B monitoring dataset

Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) technology has been widely applied in the civil aviation field. Meanwhile, as an external radiation source with known positions in the air, it has also gained preliminary applications in radio wave propagation research. In this paper, a high-quality ADS-B measurement dataset is constructed using observation data from the Qianliyan observation station in Haiyang City, located in the coastal waters of China, covering the entire year of 2023 and the period from January to April 2024. The dataset is stored on a natural day basis, covering offshore air routes and coastal transit airspace, and includes information such as flight number, flight position, altitude, speed, and navigation interference. Experimental results show that under normal refractive atmospheric conditions, the ADS-B signal coverage is consistent with the line-of-sight distance considering terrain. Under atmospheric duct conditions, the measured ADS-B signal coverage far exceeds normal ADS-B signal coverage. This dataset can provide foundational research data for subsequent studies on maritime over-the-horizon environments and navigation interference monitoring.