高频地波雷达交叉环/单极子天线幅度相位校准
Gain/phase calibration for high-frequency surface wave radar with a crossed-loop/monopole antenna array
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摘要:
针对小口径高频地波海态监测雷达广泛采用的交叉环/单极子天线阵列,理论分析了接收通道幅度和相位误差对其到达角估计精度的影响. 由于常规线性拟合估计增益误差的方法常常失效,为此提出了更实用的校正方法:在单极子上预选出大信噪比谱点作为候选校正谱点,再根据天线共相位中心约束条件作进一步筛选,由单极子和交叉环上各谱点的互协方差估计出相位误差,并由归一化谱功率比估计出幅度误差. 该方法在便携式高频地波雷达OSMARS中运行良好. 现场比测实验结果证明了该方法的有效性.
Abstract:Small-aperture high-frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) has been widely used in ocean state measurements, among which a large portion adopting a crossed-loop/monopole antenna (CMA) array. The impact of the gain/phase errors in a CMA array on the direction of arrival(DOA) estimation accuracy is theoretically analyzed. The conventional linear fitting method often fails to calculate the gain errors. To count for this, a more practicable calibration scheme is proposed. Firstly the spectral points with large signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) are screened out as candidate samples for calibration. Then they are further screened out by the constraint of the phase deviations. Finally the phase errors are calculated via the cross-correlations of the complex spectral values of the loop and the monopole, and the gain errors are calculated by the total loop-to-monopole spectral power ratios normalized by the integrated pattern powers. This method works well in the OSMAR-S system. Field comparison results are demonstrated to show the validity of the method.