Abstract: The jamming performance of traditional chaff is seriously affected by factors such as chaff direction, polarization and radar angle. To address this problem, this paper proposes a new type of chaff with Cartesian-coordinate-structure, and use the electromagnetic simulation software to calculate its scattering characteristics at different frequencies, polarizations and incident angles.This type of chaff is composed of three traditional chaffs that orthogonally connect to each other in consideration of shortening effect to form Cartesian-coordinate-structure.The connection point is the midpoint of three traditional chaffs. The results of simulation experiment and microwave anechoic chamber measurement show that: for this new chaff designed for X-band (9.5 GHz—10.5 GHz) radar, when the radar wave is incident from different angles with different linear polarizations, the radar cross section (RCS, the main measure of inter- ference efficiency) of a single Cartesian-coordinate-structure chaff does not change more than 3 dB, and is still relatively stable within 5° of angle production error; the average RCS of a single Cartesian-coordinate-structure chaff is about 2.61 dB higher than the traditional chaff with the same quality, but this chaff has a weaker ability to interfere with the co-polarization of the circularly polarized radar; for a Cartesian-coordinate-structure chaff cloud with a number of 50 000 and random distribution, its RCS is maintained above -10 dBsm, and has good stability in linear polarizations and incident angles, which shows that it has the ability to cover typical stealth targets.