Abstract: The rapid development of mobile communication and information society has put forward high requirement for broadband high-speed data transmission. However, millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) has become an important technology to realize the high-speed secure data transmission system. Considering some special needs and application scenarios, such as coverage of remote areas and construction of emergency communication systems, especially military broadband tactical Internet, mmWave MIMO technology based on aerial mobile platform has become a hot topic of current research. This paper investigates relevant literatures both domestic and abroad, elaborates the current progress and challenges of mmWave line-of-sight (LoS) MIMO channel modeling, antenna array optimization, hybrid beamforming design, physical layer security and other related technologies, and points out the future research direction, thus, it may promote the engineering application of mmWave MIMO system based on airborne platform.