张海燕. 射电宁静天空保护进展[J]. 电波科学学报,2024,39(4):1-7. DOI: 10.12265/j.cjors.2024065
      引用本文: 张海燕. 射电宁静天空保护进展[J]. 电波科学学报,2024,39(4):1-7. DOI: 10.12265/j.cjors.2024065
      ZHANG H Y. Progress in the protection of radio quiet sky[J]. Chinese journal of radio science,2024,39(4):1-7. (in Chinese). DOI: 10.12265/j.cjors.2024065
      Citation: ZHANG H Y. Progress in the protection of radio quiet sky[J]. Chinese journal of radio science,2024,39(4):1-7. (in Chinese). DOI: 10.12265/j.cjors.2024065

      射电宁静天空保护进展

      Progress in the protection of radio quiet sky

      • 摘要: 射电天文业务(radio astronomy service, RAS)通过探测来自宇宙的无线电信号开展天文研究。由于射电望远镜的高灵敏度,极易受到来自望远镜本身的电磁辐射,及移动通信业务和卫星业务等主动无线电业务射频干扰(radio frequency interference, RFI)的影响,因此保护射电宁静天空是支撑射电天文观测研究取得科学成果的重要基础。近期,国内射电天文设施发展迅速,如500 m口径球面射电望远镜(Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope, FAST)已取得众多突出成果,新疆奇台110 m射电望远镜正在建设等。与此同时,主动无线电业务的快速增加,导致国内射电望远镜无线电环境逐渐恶化。为保护RAS所需的射电宁静天空,国内开展了相关的技术研究,并采取了频谱管理措施,如射电望远镜电磁兼容(electromagnetic compatibility, EMC)技术研发、评估RAS与主动无线电业务的兼容性、在射电望远镜周边设立电磁波宁静区(radio quiet zone, RQZ)、参与国际与国内频谱管理协调等,本文进行了总结陈述。这些工作,有效地保护了国内射电望远镜周边的电磁环境。

         

        Abstract: Radio astronomy service (RAS) carries out research on astronomy based on the detection of radio signals from the Universe. However, due to its high sensitivity of radio telescope, it is susceptive to radio frequency interference (RFI) from the telescope itself and active radio services like mobile communication and satellite services. Therefore, the protection of radio quiet sky for RAS is fundamental for supporting the achievement of scientific outcome. In China, the radio astronomical facilities have been developed rapidly. For instance, the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) has achieved many outstanding outcomes, and the 110-meter radio telescope is being built in Qitai County, Xinjiang Province. Meanwhile, due to the rapid increase of active radio services, the radio environments around the radio telescopes in China are deteriorated gradually. In order to protect the radio quiet sky of RAS, the technical and spectrum management measures have been studied and developed, for instance, studying the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of radio telescopes, assessing the compatibility between RAS and active radio services, establishing Radio Quiet Zones (RQZs), and participating international and domestic activities of spectrum management, which have been summarized in this paper. All of these works support the protection the radio environments around the radio telescopes effectively.

         

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