一种背腔式去耦宽角扫描阵列的设计与研究

      A decoupling wide-angle scanning back cavity linear phased array

      • 摘要: 为了满足无线通信应用中大角度波束覆盖的需求,设计了一种全金属背腔式去耦宽角扫描相控阵。该天线工作于X波段,辐射主体为带有缝隙巴伦的对称振子,巴伦与馈电SMP转接头一体化设计,并在巴伦与SMP连接处加载背腔。背腔的加载一方面可为天线提供垂直方向的电流,展宽阵中方向图的波束宽度;另一方面,相邻天线单元上会产生反相耦合电流,从而降低互耦。天线具有从8.6~11.2 GHz(26.3%)的阻抗带宽,在工作频带内相邻单元间的互耦低于−25 dB;在8.6~9.3 GHz可实现±70°范围内波束扫描,在扫描到最大角度时主瓣增益仅下降2.4 dB,副瓣低于−9.4 dB;在9.3~11.2 GHz具有±45°波束扫描,主瓣增益波动小于2.5 dB,副瓣低于−10 dB的辐射性能。天线具有波束扫描宽、结构稳定、鲁棒性好等特点,在无线通信系统中具有应用价值。

         

        Abstract: In order to meet the requirements of wide-angle beam coverage in wireless communication applications, an all-metal cavity-backed decoupling wide-angle scanning phased array is designed. The antenna works in the X-band and consists of a dipole with a slot balun, a standard subminiature push-on (SMP) connectors and a back cavity. The balun and the SMP are integrated in the design, and the back cavity is loaded at the section between the balun and the SMP. On the one hand, the back cavity can provide the vertical current for the antenna, thereby broadening the beam width of the active element pattern; on the other hand, an opposite phase couple currents is excited on the adjacent element, thereby reducing mutual coupling. The antenna has an impedance bandwidth from 8.6 GHz to 11.2 GHz (26.3%), and the mutual coupling between adjacent elements is less than −25 dB in the full operation band. The antenna can achieve beam scanning in the range of ±70° at 8.6 GHz to 9.3 GHz. The gain of the main beam reduces less than 2.4 dB and the sidelobe is less than −9.4 dB within the scanning range. At 9.3 GHz to 11.2 GHz, the antenna steers the main beam in the range of greater than ±45° with the gain fluctuation less than 2.5 dB and the sidelobe less than −10 dB. Antennas have the characteristics of wide-angle scanning, stable structure, and good robustness, making it valuable for applications in wireless communication systems.

         

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