多频段环焦型椭圆波束天线优化设计

刘兴隆; 杜彪; 周建寨; 解磊

doi:10.12265/j.cjors.2021284

多频段环焦型椭圆波束天线优化设计

doi: 10.12265/j.cjors.2021284

刘兴隆^1, ,,
杜彪¹,
周建寨¹,
解磊^{1, 2}

1.
中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所, 石家庄 050081
2.
西安电子科技大学天线与微波技术重点实验室, 西安 710071

详细信息

作者简介:
刘兴隆：(1986—)，男，山西人，中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所高级工程师，博士研究生，研究方向为反射面天线与馈源技术

杜彪：(1962—)，男，河北人，博士，中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所首席专家、副总工程师，研究员，博士生导师，中国电子学会会士，主要研究方向为反射面天线、高效率馈源、阵列天线和超材料天线等

周建寨：(1975—)，男，河北人，中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所高级工程师，研究方向为卫星通信天线与馈源技术

解磊：(1986—)，男，河北人，中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所高级工程师，博士研究生，研究方向为卫星通信天线与馈源技术

通讯作者:
刘兴隆 E-mail: xinglongxidian@163.com

中图分类号: TN82
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-26
- 录用日期: 2021-12-17
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-17

Optimization design of multi-band ring-focus antenna with elliptical beam

LIU Xinglong^{1
, ,},
DU Biao¹,
ZHOU Jianzhai¹,
XIE Lei^{1, 2}

1.
The 54th Research Institute of CETC, Shijiazhuang 050081, China
2.
National Laboratory of Science and Technology on Antennas and Microwaves, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China

摘要

摘要: 针对小口径低剖面天线的多频段、低旁瓣和高效率的需求，提出一种基于切割赋形环焦天线和非均匀有理B样条（non-uniform rational B-spline，NURBS）曲面的环焦型椭圆波束天线的综合优化设计方法. 该方法首先采用样条函数将一维口面场参数化，针对赋形切割环焦天线进行第一次快速优化设计；然后，用NURBS曲面将优化后的天线主副反射面再次参数化，引入多目标优化差分进化算法，以天线效率和第一旁瓣为优化目标，对该环焦型椭圆波束天线进行第二次优化设计. 应用该方法设计并加工了一个410 mm×720 mm的环焦椭圆波束天线，工作频率覆盖了Ku/K/Ka三个频段，天线总效率达到49%以上，第一旁瓣低于–14 dB，电压驻波比小于1.44∶1. 实测结果和全波仿真结果吻合良好，验证了本文设计方法的有效性.
- 多频段 /
- 低剖面 /
- 椭圆波束 /
- 环焦天线 /
- 高效率 /
- 低旁瓣
Abstract: A synthetical optimization design method of elliptical beam antenna with ring-focus structure based on the cutting shaped ring focus antenna and non-uniform rational B-spline surface (NURBS) is proposed for the requirements of multi-band, high efficiency, low side-lobe, and low-profile antennas with small-aperture. Firstly, the one-dimensional aperture distribution is parameterized by spline function and the electrical performance of the cutting shaped ring-focus antenna is quickly optimized. Secondly, the main- and sub-reflectors of the optimized antenna are parameterized by NURBS surface, and a multi-objective optimization differential evolution algorithm is introduced to optimize the efficiency and first sidelobe of the ring-focus elliptical beam antenna. A 410 mm×720 mm ring-focus elliptical beam antenna is designed and fabricated. The operating frequency covers Ku/K/Ka tri-band. The total efficiency of the antenna is greater than 49%, the first sidelobe levels are lower than –14 dB, and the voltage standing wave ratio is less than 1.44∶1. The measured results are in good agreement with the full-wave simulation results, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed design method.
- multi-band /
- low profile /
- elliptical beam /
- ring focus antenna /
- high efficiency /
- low side lobes

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图 1 切割环焦天线几何结构图

Fig. 1 Geometry of the cutting ring-focus antenna

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图 2 切割赋形环焦天线的第一次优化设计流程

Fig. 2 Block diagram of the 1st optimum design for the cutting shaped ring-focus antenna

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图 3 第一次优化后的一维口面场

Fig. 3 1-D aperture distribution after the 1st optimization

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图 4 NURBS主副反射面及其控制点分布

Fig. 4 NURBS surfaces of main- and sub-reflectors and distribution of the control points

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图 5 椭圆波束天线的第二次优化设计流程

Fig. 5 Block diagram of second optimum design of elliptical beam antenna

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图 6 均匀口面场赋形的天线模型、光路和辐射方向图

Fig. 6 Shaped antenna model with the uniform aperture distribution and radiation patterns

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图 7 一次优化的天线模型、光路和辐射方向图

Fig. 7 The antenna model after the 1st optimization and radiation patterns

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图 8 Pareto最优解集和优选解

Fig. 8 Pareto optimal solution set and optimal solution

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图 9 两个目标函数的收敛曲线

Fig. 9 Convergence curves of the two objective functions

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图 10 二次优化的天线模型和光路图

Fig. 10 The antenna model after the 2nd optimization and optical path diagram

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图 11 天线二维口面场能量分布

Fig. 11 2-D aperture energy distribution of antennas

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图 12 不同口面场天线效率和第一旁瓣

Fig. 12 Efficiency and the first side lobe level of antennas with different aperture distribution

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图 13 天线仿真模型和实物照片

Fig. 13 Simlulation model and the prototype of antenna

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图 14 测试和计算的增益和总效率

Fig. 14 Measured and calculated gain and total efficiency

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图 15 测试和计算的第一旁瓣

Fig. 15 Measured and calculated first side lobe level

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图 16 5个频点测试和计算的天线方向图

Fig. 16 Measured and calculated radiation patterns at 5 frequencies

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图 17 测试和计算的天线VSWR

Fig. 17 Measured and calculated VSWR of the antenna

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表 1 天线参数

Tab. 1 Antenna parameter

参数	指标
主反射面口径	≤ 410 mm × 720 mm
工作频率	Ku: 11.45~12.75 GHz，13.75~14.50 GHz K: 17.7~21.2 GHz，22.5~23.5 GHz，25.2~27.5 GHz Ka: 29.4~31.0 GHz
第一旁瓣	≤–14 dB
总效率	≥45%

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参考文献(16)

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