亚毫米波段折叠光路的准光近场照射天线设计与应用

何海波; 金铭; 韩宇南; 李彬; 白明

doi:10.12265/j.cjors.2021158

亚毫米波段折叠光路的准光近场照射天线设计与应用

doi: 10.12265/j.cjors.2021158

何海波¹,
金铭^1, ,,
韩宇南¹,
李彬²,
白明³

1.
北京化工大学信息科学与技术学院，北京 100029
2.
中国科学院国家空间科学中心微波遥感重点实验室，北京 100191
3.
北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院，北京 100191

基金项目: 科技部重点研发计划项目《航天遥感关键计量标准及溯源技术研究》课题《微波黑体发射率计量标准装置》(2017YFF0205203)；国家自然科学基金(61701496,61671032)；中央高校基本科研业务费（buctrc201931）

详细信息

作者简介:
何海波：(1996—)，女，硕士研究生，就读于北京化工大学信息科学与技术学院，研究方向为亚毫米波准光近场照射天线设计

金铭：(1985—)，男，工学博士，副教授，硕导. 2013年毕业于北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院，电磁场与微波技术专业. 主要研究方向为计算电磁学与应用，太赫兹准光设计技术、黑体定标源及辐射计定标技术等

韩宇南：(1980—)，男，工学博士，硕士生导师，主要研究方向为电磁兼容、无线通信系统、电磁环境效应、雷电与核电磁脉冲防护、滤波器与天线设计等，是滤波电缆的发明人

通讯作者:
金铭 E-mail：jinming@mail.buct.edu.cn

中图分类号: TN82
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-11
- 网络出版日期: 2021-09-17

Design and application of the path-folded near-field quasi-optical antennas in sub-millimeter wave

HE Haibo¹,
JIN Ming^{1
, ,},
HAN Yunan¹,
LI Bin²,
BAI Ming³

1.
College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
2.
Key laboratory of Microwave Remote Sensing, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100191, China
3.
College of Electronic Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China

摘要

摘要: 介绍了一种新颖的折叠光路近场准光照射天线设计方法，并成功应用在微波黑体定标源微弱散射的双站测量中. 在双站测量中，传统的小口径天线适用于低频范围，被测目标足够小才能保证远场条件. 与传统基于远场条件出发的小口径天线设计不同，本文所提出的准光照射天线的设计目的是在目标区降低链路衰减，实现相位平坦、幅值边缘衰减的聚焦照射，并可在近场区域内测得目标的远场散射特征. 设计基于准光学设计方法：由主反射镜和平板反射镜共同构成紧凑的折叠光路，首先确定馈源喇叭天线的等效高斯波束参数，然后基于高斯波束传播理论设计主反射镜，再通过全波仿真验证其折叠路径. 仿真分析表明即使馈源采用基本的圆锥喇叭馈源，也可实现良好的聚焦效果. 双站实测数据表明该天线设计达到了设计目的，为亚毫米波近场双站散射测量的开展提供了关键性的波束控制，具备广泛的应用价值.
- 准光天线 /
- 近场散射测量 /
- 亚毫米波 /
- 高斯波束 /
- 天线设计
Abstract: In this paper, a novel path-folded near-field quasi-optical antenna is introduced, which is successfully applied to the bi-static measurement of weak scattering from microwave blackbody. In the bi-static measurement, traditionally small aperture antennas are frequently utilized in the low frequency range, and the target under test shall be small enough for ensuring the far-field condition. Different from the traditional design of small aperture antenna based on far-field condition, the design purpose of quasi-optical antenna in this work is to realize focused illumination with flat phase and amplitude edge attenuation in the target area, for reducing the link attenuation, and measuring the far-field scattering characteristics of the target in the near-field area. The design is based on the quasi optical design method, which consists of the main mirror and the flat mirror to form a compact folded optical path. The design process starts at the equivalent Gaussian beam parameter determination of the feeder horn antenna, then the main mirror is designed based on the Gaussian beam propagation methodology, and further the folded path is examined by full-wave simulations. The simulation results show that good focusing effect can be achieved even if the basic conical horn feed is used. The bi-static measured data show that the design of the antenna achieves the design purpose, and provides a key beam control for the development of the near-field bi-static scattering measurement of sub-millimeter wave, which is a good reference for applications.
- quasi-optical antennas /
- near-field scattering measurement /
- sub-millimeter wave /
- Gaussian beam /
- antenna design

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图 1 馈源天线的辐射口面场及其远场辐射方向@195 GHz

Fig. 1 The radiating aperture field of the feed antenna and its far-field radiating pattern@195 GHz

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图 2 准光主反射面对高斯波束的变换原理示意图

Fig. 2 The transformation schematic of the quasi-optical main reflection aperture to the Gaussian beam

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图 3 主反射面对馈源等效高斯基模场的反射变换@195 GHz

Fig. 3 The reflection transformation of the main reflection aperture to the equivalent Gaussian fundamental mode field of the feed@195 GHz

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图 4 准光近场照射天线的折叠光路设计(170～220 GHz)

Fig. 4 The path-folded near-field quasi-optical antenna(170-220 GHz)

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图 5 折叠光路照射天线的出射近场分布和远场辐射方向图

Fig. 5 The far-field radiation pattern of the path-folded near-field quasi-optical antenna

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图 6 在目标区形成的照射束斑场分布

Fig. 6 The distribution of the irradiated beam spot field formed in the target area

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图 7 两种主镜面反射后的出射近场分布@170 GHz

Fig. 7 The near-field distribution of (a) and (b) @170 GHz

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图 8 微波黑体发射率计量标准装置中应用的近场准光照射天线

Fig. 8 Near field quasi-optical illumination antenna used in microwave blackbody emissivity measurement standard device

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图 9 双站散射测量目标

Fig. 9 Bi-static scattering measurement

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图 10 微波黑体发射率计量标准装置在不同频率处测得的双站散射曲线(HH极化，7.5度倾斜入射)

Fig. 10 Bi-static scattering curves measured at different frequencies by blackbody emissivity measuring device(HH polarization, 7.5 degrees tilted incidence)

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