典型无源干扰电磁散射研究进展综述

      A review on the progress of electromagnetic scattering from typical passive jamming

      • 摘要: 高对抗环境下的无源干扰电磁散射研究一直是计算电磁学、电子对抗和战场数字孪生等领域中的重要课题,对该问题的深入研究是未来战场红蓝对抗博弈建模、装备设计优化和战术战法升级的重要理论基础。因此,面向新质作战能力生成需求,开展典型无源干扰电磁散射研究现状梳理与分析具有重要意义。本文对两类典型无源干扰电磁散射研究进展进行了综述和讨论。当前对无源干扰电磁散射建模的研究主要分为四个方面:场景构建,散射计算,试验验证,效能评估。对几何建模的研究集中在干扰物与环境的动力学耦合效应研究方面,对无源干扰物的散射计算集中在大场景分区耦合散射计算方面,对无源干扰散射试验多集中在可控试验及内外场联合试验理论研究方面,对干扰效能评估主要集中在干扰物优化设计与投放策略制定方面。目前,对无源干扰物与环境复合方面的研究依旧面临场景构建逼真度低、仿真计算效率较低、试验验证理论体系不完善、效能评估手段单一、智能化水平不高等问题,这些问题均制约了新质作战能力的生成与提升。需要结合多物理场耦合手段实现无源干扰物与背景复合几何和散射高精度建模,需要引用智能化评估方法实现无源干扰物干扰效能评估与优化设计,需要将可控技术引入内外场试验设计之中以实现无源干扰物雷达特性测算融合研究。

         

        Abstract: The study of passive jamming electromagnetic scattering in highly adversarial environments has always been an important topic in the fields of computational electromagnetics, electric countermeasure and battlefield digital twinning. In-depth research on this issue serves as a critical theoretical foundation for future battlefield red-blue confrontation modeling, equipment design optimization, and tactical upgrades. Therefore, in response to the demands of generating new combat capabilities, it is of great significance to summarize and analyze the current state of research on typical passive jamming electromagnetic scattering. A highlight on the progress of electromagnetic scattering from typical passive jamming is presented. Current research on electromagnetic scattering modeling of passive jammers can be divided into four main aspects: scene construction, scattering calculation, experimental validation, and effectiveness evaluation. Research on geometric modeling focuses on the dynamic coupling effects between jammers and the environment. Scattering calculations for passive jammers primarily concentrate on large-scale scene partitioning and coupled scattering computation. Experimental studies on passive jamming scattering mostly revolve around controlled experiments and theoretical research on combined indoor and outdoor field testing. Effectiveness evaluation of jamming mainly targets optimized jammer design and deployment strategy formulation. At present, research on the integration of passive jammers with the environment still faces challenges such as low fidelity in scene construction, inefficient simulation computations, incomplete theoretical systems for experimental validation, limited effectiveness evaluation methods, and insufficient levels of intelligence. These issues constrain the development and enhancement of new combat capabilities. Based on existing research, this paper looks ahead and proposes that future efforts include: Combine multi-physics coupling methods to achieve high-precision geometric and scattering modeling of passive jammers integrated with backgrounds; Introduce intelligent evaluation methods to optimize jammer effectiveness assessment and design; Incorporate controlled testing techniques into indoor and outdoor field experiment designs to achieve integrated research on radar signature measurement and analysis of passive jammers.

         

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