融合物理信息的双分支神经网络的三维介质体电磁散射参数化模型

      A parameterized model of electromagnetic scattering from three-dimensional dielectric objects based on a dual-branch neural network integrating physical information

      • 摘要: 随着无人机、复合结构及雷达罩等低可探测介质体在工程中的广泛应用,针对该类目标的电磁散射建模需求迅速增长。然而,由于介质体内部电磁波的多次反射与透射效应,传统数值方法在高精度计算下通常需要大量时间和计算资源,难以满足实时性要求。针对这一问题,本文提出一种融合物理信息的双分支神经网络,用于构建三维介质体目标的电磁散射参数化模型。该方法通过引入几何先验信息和相位调制,并结合基于幅相一致性的损失函数设计,在保证物理一致性的前提下实现高效的散射特性学习。利用该模型,可在分贝尺度下快速预测目标的雷达散射截面。为了验证所提方法的有效性,在商用NVIDIA GPU平台上对不同几何形状和不同介电参数下的目标进行了数值实验,包括棱台模型及固定翼无人机。结果表明,所提模型在保持与全波仿真一致的预测精度的同时,推理阶段用时在毫秒级时间尺度,具备在复杂电磁环境下的实时应用潜力。

         

        Abstract: With the widespread use of low-observable dielectric objects such as drones, composite structures, and radomes in engineering, the demand for electromagnetic scattering modeling for these targets is rapidly increasing. However, due to the multiple reflection and transmission effects of electromagnetic waves within dielectric objects, traditional numerical methods typically require significant time and computing resources for high-precision calculations, making them difficult to meet real-time requirements. To address this issue, this paper proposes a two-branch neural network that integrates physical information to construct a parameterized electromagnetic scattering model for three-dimensional dielectric targets. By incorporating geometric prior information and phase modulation, combined with a loss function designed based on amplitude-phase consistency, this method achieves efficient learning of scattering characteristics while ensuring physical consistency. This model enables rapid prediction of target radar cross sections at the decibel scale. To validate the effectiveness of this method, numerical experiments were conducted on a commercial NVIDIA GPU platform for targets with various geometric shapes and dielectric parameters, including a frustum model and a fixed-wing drone. Results demonstrate that the proposed model maintains prediction accuracy consistent with full-wave simulations while achieving millisecond-scale inference times, demonstrating its potential for real-time application in complex electromagnetic environments.

         

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