一种小型化K/Ka双频段圆极化喇叭馈源的设计

      Design of a Miniaturized K/Ka-Band Circularly Polarized Horn Feed

      • 摘要: 针对现代卫星通信系统、5G和RIS等应用中馈源小型化、轻量化的需求,提出了一种工作于K/Ka频段的小型化、双频圆极化馈源喇叭。该馈源通过在隔板特定位置进行打孔的方法改变电流分布,拓展了阻抗与轴比带宽,相对带宽达到57.14%。通过恰当的滤波器选型与联合优化设计,以及隔板打孔参数的选择,在保持较高馈源端口间隔离度的同时,实现了宽带圆极化辐射,并缩小了物理长度。仿真与实测结果表明,该馈源喇叭在K(17.5-21.5 GHz)与Ka频段(27.5-31.5 GHz)内回波损耗S11低于-13 dB,带内轴比均小于3 dB,增益范围为7.88-12.70 dB,端口间隔离度在K与Ka波段分别达到42dB与29dB以上,20GHz与30GHz实测极化隔离度在20dB以上,该馈源整体尺寸压缩至仅61mm×21mm×21mm,与现有结果相比,在同样不包含辐射喇叭的情况下,长度缩小到51mm,尺寸缩小幅度达43%,在均包含辐射喇叭的情况下,缩小幅度达到65%。实测与仿真结果保持了较好的一致性。

         

        Abstract: To meet the demands for miniaturization and lightweight design in applications such as modern satellite communication systems, 5G, and RIS, a compact, dual-band circularly polarized feed antenna operating in the K/Ka bands is proposed. This antenna modifies the current distribution by perforating specific locations on the partition, thereby expanding the impedance and axial ratio bandwidth, with a relative bandwidth reaching 57.14%. Through appropriate filter selection and joint optimization design, as well as the choice of partition perforation parameters, wideband circularly polarized radiation is achieved while maintaining high isolation between antenna ports and reducing physical length. Simulation and measured results show that the antenna has a return loss S11 of less than -13 dB within the K (17.5-21.5 GHz) and Ka (27.5-31.5 GHz) bands, the in-band axial ratio is less than 3 dB, gain ranges from 7.88 to 12.70 dB, and port isolation exceeds 42 dB and 29 dB in the K and Ka bands, respectively. Measured polarization isolation at 20 GHz and 30 GHz is greater than 20 dB. The overall size of the feed antenna is compressed to only 61 mm × 21 mm × 21 mm. Compared with existing results, under the same conditions without including the radiation horn, the length is reduced to 51 mm, achieving a size reduction of 43%; when including the radiation horn, the reduction reaches 65%. The measured and simulated results show good consistency.

         

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