电大尺寸目标电磁散射和绕射高效混合异构并行计算方法

      Efficient hybrid heterogeneous parallel computing method for electromagnetic scattering and diffraction of electrically large objects

      • 摘要: 高频电磁散射机理主要包括镜面反射、边缘绕射和爬行波绕射等。针对电大尺寸复杂计算中单一高频算法散射机制不完备、计算效率与精度难以兼顾的难题,本文提出一种融合多种散射机理的建模框架与异构并行计算加速方法。该框架采用多层快速物理光学法(multilevel fast physical optics, MLFPO)分析镜面散射,结合截断劈增量长度绕射系数法(truncated wedge incremental length diffraction coefficient, TWILDC)与增量长度绕射系数法(incremental length diffraction coefficient, ILDC),分别精准计算边缘与表面爬行波绕射,构建了覆盖三大高频散射机制的完备协同物理模型,实现计算精度提升。计算效率上,基于CUDA架构设计细粒度GPU并行优化策略与事件触发的异构同步调度机制,实现多算法的CPU-GPU异构协同高效执行。数值算例表明,针对电大尺寸目标,所提协同模型与多层快速多极子(multilevel fast multipole algorithm, MLFMA)方法结果吻合良好,相较单一MLFPO的平均误差降低2.98dB,所提异构并行方案相较MLFMA最高加速318.43倍,加速比突破两个数量级。该方法可为电大尺寸目标雷达散射截面(radar cross section, RCS)的高可信度和高效计算提供坚实的技术支撑。

         

        Abstract: The main mechanisms of high-frequency electromagnetic scattering include specular reflection, edge diffraction, and creeping wave diffraction, among others. To overcome the limitations of single-algorithm methods for electrically large targets, which suffer from incomplete mechanisms and an inherent trade-off between efficiency and accuracy, this paper proposes a collaborative modeling framework with heterogeneous parallel acceleration. The framework integrates the multilevel fast physical optics (MLFPO) method for specular scattering, the truncated wedge incremental length diffraction coefficient (TWILDC) method for edge diffraction, and the incremental length diffraction coefficient (ILDC) method for creeping waves, establishing a comprehensive physical model that enhances accuracy. For efficiency, a fine-grained GPU parallelization strategy based on the CUDA and an event-triggered synchronization mechanism enable effective CPU-GPU co-processing. Numerical examples for electrically large targets demonstrate that the proposed collaborative model achieves excellent agreement with the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA), reducing the mean absolute error by 2.98dB versus the standalone MLFPO. The proposed heterogeneous parallel scheme delivers a maximum 318.43× speedup over MLFMA, exceeding two orders of magnitude. This work provides robust support for high-confidence radar cross section (RCS) prediction of complex electrically large targets.

         

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