基于涡旋雷达双体制成像融合的低空目标多径虚像抑制研究

      Multipath ghost suppression for low-altitude targets via dual-system imaging fusion in vortex radar

      • 摘要: 针对低空目标雷达成像中多径效应引发虚像干扰的难题,本文提出了一种基于涡旋雷达的多发单收(multiple-input single-output, MISO)和多发多收(multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO)双体制融合成像方法。首先基于双线传播模型建立了MISO和MIMO体制下的涡旋电磁波雷达回波信号模型,分析了涡旋波源与其镜像源的贝塞尔谱包络差异对成像效果的影响;并结合MISO与MIMO体制下的方位维点扩散函数特征差异,分析了多径虚像在两种体制下的位置偏移规律,据此提出了基于哈达玛积的成像融合算法以抑制多径效应带来的虚像。仿真结果表明,所提方法的结构相似性度(structure similarity index measure, SSIM)达到0.963 7,与传统实孔径雷达、MISO体制下的涡旋雷达和MIMO体制下的涡旋雷达多径成像结果对应的SSIM相比,分别提高了0.730 9、0.716和0.781 4,显著优化了成像质量,为低空目标的高分辨成像提供了新的有效途径。

         

        Abstract: To address the challenge of ghost interference caused by multipath effects in low-altitude radar imaging, this paper proposes a dual-system imaging fusion method based on vortex radar, incorporating both multiple-input single-output(MISO) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. A two-path propagation model is first established to derive the echo signal models for both systems. The impact of the Bessel spectrum envelope differences between the OAM source and its mirror image on imaging performance is analyzed. Furthermore, the spatial offset behavior of multipath-induced ghosts is investigated by comparing the point spread function (PSF) of the MISO and MIMO systems. Based on these differences, a Hadamard product-based fusion algorithm is proposed to suppress ghost artifacts by exploiting their complementary spatial distribution in the two systems. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) of 0.9637. Compared with the SSIM values of conventional real-aperture radar, MISO-OAM radar, and MIMO-OAM radar under multipath conditions, the proposed method yields absolute SSIM improvements of 0.7309, 0.7160, and 0.7814, respectively. These results indicate a significant enhancement in imaging quality and provide an effective approach for high-resolution imaging of low-altitude targets under multipath interference.

         

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