一种小型化K/Ka双频段圆极化喇叭馈源的设计

      Design of a miniaturized K/Ka-band circularly polarized horn feed

      • 摘要: 针对现代卫星通信系统、5G和可重构智能超表面(reconfigurable intelligent surface, RIS)等应用中馈源小型化、轻量化的需求,提出了一种工作于K/Ka波段的小型化、双频圆极化喇叭馈源。该馈源通过在隔板特定位置进行打孔的方法改变电流分布,拓展了阻抗与轴比带宽,相对带宽达到57.14%。通过恰当的滤波器选型与联合优化设计,以及隔板打孔参数的选择,在保持较高馈源端口间隔离度的同时,实现了宽带圆极化辐射,并缩小了物理长度。实测结果表明,该喇叭馈源在K波段(17.5~21.5 GHz)与Ka波段(27.5~31.5 GHz)内回波损耗S11低于−10 dB,带内轴比均小于3 dB,增益范围为7.88~12.70 dBi,端口间隔离度分别达到42 dB与29 dB以上,20 GHz与30 GHz实测极化隔离度在20 dB以上,且实测与仿真结果保持了较好的一致性。该馈源整体尺寸压缩至仅61 mm×21 mm×21 mm,与现有结果相比,在同样不包含辐射喇叭的情况下,长度缩小到51 mm,尺寸缩小幅度达43%,在均包含辐射喇叭的情况下,缩小幅度达到65%。

         

        Abstract: For the demands of miniaturization and lightweight design of feed sources in modern satellite communication systems, 5G, and RIS applications, a compact, dual-band circularly polarized horn feed operating in the K/Ka bands is proposed. This feed alters the current distribution by perforating specific locations on the septum, expanding the impedance and axial ratio bandwidth, with a relative bandwidth reaching 57.14%. Through proper filter selection and co-optimized design, as well as choosing appropriate septum perforation parameters, wideband circularly polarized radiation is achieved while maintaining high feed port isolation and reducing physical length. Measurement results show that the horn feed has a reflection coefficient S11 below 10 dB in the K (17.5–21.5 GHz) and Ka (27.5–31.5 GHz) bands, in-band axial ratios below 3 dB, gain ranging from 7.88 to 12.70 dBi, and port isolation exceeding 42 dB and 29 dB in the K and Ka bands, respectively. Measured polarization isolation at 20 GHz and 30 GHz is above 20 dB. The overall feed size is compressed to only 61 mm × 21 mm × 21 mm. Compared to existing results, without including the radiating horn, the length is reduced to 51 mm, achieving a 43% size reduction; with the radiating horn included, the reduction reaches 65%. Measurement and simulation results show good agreement.

         

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