基于多模态深度融合网络的无人机轨迹预测

      Efficient UAV trajectory prediction: a multi-modal deep diffusion framework

      • 摘要: 为满足低空经济中对于未授权无人机(unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV)的管理,提出一种激光雷达与毫米波雷达信息多模态融合的 UAV轨迹预测方法方案。设计了一种用于多模态 UAV轨迹预测的深度融合网络,整体结构由两种模态的特征提取网络与双向交叉注意力融合模块两部分组成,旨在充分利用LiDAR与Radar点云在空间几何结构与动态反射特性上的互补信息。在特征提取阶段,模型分别为LiDAR与Radar设计了独立但结构相同的特征编码器,提取特征之后,模型进入双向交叉注意力机制阶段,以实现两种模态间的信息互补与语义对齐。为验证本文提出模型的有效性,采用CVPR2024的MMAUD数据集作为训练集与测试集,实验结果显示本文所提出的多模态融合模型显著提升了轨迹精度,相比于基线模型,精度提升40%。并且通过消融实验,论证了不同损失函数、后处理策略对于提升模型性能的有效性。此模型能够有效利用多模态数据,为低空经济中非授权 UAV轨迹预测提供了一种高效的解决方案。

         

        Abstract: To meet the requirements for managing unauthorized(UAV) in the low-altitude economy, a multi-modal UAV trajectory prediction method based on the fusion of LiDAR and millimeter-wave Radar information is proposed. A deep fusion network for multi-modal UAV trajectory prediction, termed the multi-modal deep fusion framework, is designed. The overall architecture consists of two modality-specific feature extraction networks and a bidirectional cross-attention fusion module, aiming to fully exploit the complementary information of LiDAR and Radar point clouds in spatial geometric structure and dynamic reflection characteristics. In the feature extraction stage, the model employs independent but structurally identical feature encoders for LiDAR and Radar. After feature extraction, the model enters the bidirectional cross-attention mechanism stage to achieve information complementarity and semantic alignment between the two modalities. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed model, the MMAUD dataset used in the CVPR 2024 UG2+ UAV Tracking and pose-estimation challenge is adopted as the training and testing dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed multi-modal fusion model significantly improves trajectory prediction accuracy, achieving a 40% improvement compared to the baseline model. In addition, ablation experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of different loss functions and post-processing strategies in improving model performance. The proposed model can effectively utilize multi-modal data and provides an efficient solution for unauthorized UAV trajectory prediction in the low-altitude economy.

         

      /

      返回文章
      返回