面向毫米波车载雷达的高精度传播特性预测与算法测试技术

      High-precision propagation characteristic prediction and algorithm testing technology for millimeter-wave automotive radar

      • 摘要: 本文旨在提供面向自动驾驶场景的毫米波感知信道测试技术,通过“实测数据获取-仿真配置初始化-实测仿真校准-算法验证”的方式,对基于真实场景的毫米波感知信道仿真及实测信号进行交叉验证及分析。首先,利用了雷达散射截面积(radar cross section, RCS)值固定的两个角反射器,对于所搭建的77 GHz毫米波雷达测量系统以及所采集的感知信号数据进行有效性验证。其次,基于上述实验平台,选取合适场景并设定系统参数,开展车联网场景道路测量实验。然后,通过对所获取的回波数据进行分析以及关键特征提取,匹配场景中的典型结构体及相应的回波信号,并提取目标物状态,用于初始化射线跟踪(ray tracing,RT)仿真实验配置。接着,基于雷达回波数据匹配场景中关键目标物状态,将校准后的仿真与测量实验结果进行对比校准。最后,设计低复杂度滤波算法,对于仿真信道进行验证,实现“测量-仿真-校准-验证”自动驾驶场景的毫米波感知信号实测及仿真方法闭环验证和分析。本文所提出的交叉验证方法成本低、效率高、可扩展性强,基于验证过的仿真平台可以建立适用于目标场景的仿真系统,生成准确、高效的感知信道回波数据,为后续的感知信号算法设计与评估提供验证依据。

         

        Abstract: This paper aims to provide millimeter-wave sensing channel testing technology for autonomous driving scenarios. It employs a real data acquisition, simulation configuration initialization, real measurement simulation calibration and algorithm validation approach to conduct cross-validation and analysis of millimeter-wave sensing channel simulation based on real scenarios and real-world signal measurements. Firstly, the paper validates the effectiveness of the 77 GHz millimeter-wave radar measurement system and the collected sensing signal data using a corner reflector with a fixed radar cross section (RCS). Based on this experimental platform, appropriate scenarios are selected and system parameters are set for road measurement experiments in a vehicular network scenario. By analyzing the acquired echo data and extracting key features, typical structures and corresponding echo signals in the scene are matched, and the target object state is extracted to initialize the ray tracing (RT) simulation experiment configuration. Furthermore, the paper calibrates the simulation results by comparing them with the measurement experiment results based on the matching of key target object states in the scene with radar echo data. Lastly, the paper designs a low-complexity filtering algorithm and verifies it using simulated channels, realizing a closed-loop verification and analysis of the “measurement-simulation-calibration-verification” autonomous driving testing method. This achieves closed-loop verification and analysis of millimeter-wave sensing signal real measurement and simulation methods through “measurement-simulation-calibration-verification”. The cross-validation method proposed in this paper is cost-effective, efficient, and highly scalable. Based on the validated simulation platform, a simulation system suitable for the target scenario can be established, generating accurate and efficient sensing channel echo data. This provides a basis for the design and evaluation of subsequent sensing signal algorithms.

         

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