Abstract: A novel measurement and reconstruction approach based on 3-dimensional measurement model (3-DMM) is extended from existing compressed sensing measurement model, with the purpose to reduce the amount of stored data and calculation during time and space situational awareness of evaporation duct. To fit 3-DMM, a blind sparsity back-tracking algorithm is improved. The signal is simultaneously measured in time and space dimensions by an equivalent 3-D sensing matrix. Then, the overall reconstruction is discussed. The new method maintains the intrinsic relationship among the evaporation duct parameters. It also relieves the artificial effects introduced by recovery in time or space dimension separately. The theoretical analysis and experimental simulation demonstrates that the 3-D sensing result is the closest to the real value on the basis of the sampling reduction to the same extent.