Abstract: Atmospheric turbulence plays an important role in the propagation of microwave in troposphere. A better knowledge for the characteristics of atmospheric turbulence is helpful to improve the accuracy and reliability of radio wave propagation model simulation. In this paper, the meteorological parameters are forecasted by the WRF model, and used to calculate the structure constant of atmospheric refractive index in microwave band. Based on the structure constant of refractive index, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of atmospheric turbulence in troposphere are studied, and the correlation between turbulence and atmospheric parameters is discussed. The results show that the turbulence intensity near the sea surface has obvious diurnal variation characteristics; the vertical structure of turbulence in the troposphere is stratified; the phenomenon of temperature inversion and humidity reduction in atmospheric environment may cause strong turbulence. These results provide theoretical support for the accurate prediction of microwave propagation in the atmospheric environment.