Error analysis of the impact on the detection of atmospheric electric field around the meteorological balloon

In order to figure out the distribution of the atmospheric electric field around the meteorological balloon, and analyze the impact on the detection of atmospheric electric field of meteorological balloon, we built the electric field distribution models of uncharged and charged balloons. The Laplace and Poisson equations are solved based on the boundary condition and the charge distribution around the balloon, and the electric field distributions are simulated using MATLAB software. It is indicated that the charged balloon has a positive effect on electric field at the upper and lower parts, and a negative effect on both sides. The impact on the atmospheric field around the balloon that caused by the change of volume and dielectric constant of the balloon are analyzed. The result shows that optimal length of the rope is 20 m, and the deviation of the electric field caused by the balloon is 0.33%.