Measurement and modeling of maritime wireless channels based on meteorological information perception

Maritime wireless channel modeling constitutes the foundation for the design and evaluation of maritime communication systems. However, the dynamic marine environment, characterized by factors such as climatic variations and wave undulations, poses significant challenges to channel characterization and model construction. This paper proposes a USRP-based method for maritime wireless channel measurement and modeling, and designs and constructs a broadband channel sounding system capable of synchronously acquiring environmental and meteorological observational data alongside broadband channel responses. Utilizing this system, land-to-ship broadband channel measurement campaigns were conducted at the 5.8 GHz frequency band, combined with meteorological information perception for joint modeling and statistical analysis. The results demonstrate that the evaporation duct path loss model, established based on meteorological parameters, achieves significantly higher fitting accuracy with measured data compared to conventional models. Furthermore, the incorporation of meteorological factors allows for a more accurate characterization of fixed-point fading statistics induced by wave motion, wherein small-scale fading is effectively characterized by the asymmetric Laplace distribution. These findings provide significant support for the design and engineering application of maritime communication systems.