Progress on acceleration strategies for mesh space mapping-based electromagnetic optimization methods

To address the challenges of complex coarse model construction, discontinuous responses, and low optimization efficiency in three-dimensional microwave device optimization, this paper reviews recent developments in multi-strategy accelerated mesh space mapping (MSM) techniques. Existing studies typically rely on coarse finite-element models and employ three key strategies to enhance modeling efficiency: firstly, sharp-feature approximation to simplify curved boundaries such as fillets and tuning screws and thereby reduce mesh density and geometric complexity; secondly, radial basis function-based mesh deformation to maintain response continuity and differentiability under geometric perturbations; finally, sensitivity-guided parameter screening to extract dominant correlated variables between coarse and fine models, thus reducing mapping dimensionality and training sample requirements. Building on these strategies, an integrated “sharpening-deformation-screening” framework for coarse-model construction has been established and applied in representative cases such as four-cavity tuned waveguide filters, demonstrating its potential for lowering optimization costs while maintaining accuracy. This review summarizes the applicability of these strategies in scenarios involving multi-resonant structures, high-dimensional parameter spaces, and strongly discrete responses, and provides methodological insights and future directions for developing automated and cost-effective electromagnetic optimization systems.