Research on harmonic characteristics of non-ideal time modulation of 2-bit phase-shifting circuit

Focusing on the broadband high-frequency and high-efficiency time-modulated array antenna, this paper presents the study on the harmonic characteristics of non-ideal time modulation of 2-bit phase-shifting circuit. A mathematical theory model of trapezoidal and raised cosine wave modulation is given, which is used to analyse the affection of the RF switch modulation waveforms on the energy proportion, amplitude, and phase of each harmonic of the output signal modulated by 2-bit phase-shifting circuit. Meanwhile, the affection caused by the amplitude and phase deviation of various states of 2-bit phase-shifting circuit on the energy proportion, amplitude, and phase of each harmonic of the output signal is also discussed. Consequently, this research can provide precise amplitude and phase control for time-modulated array based on 2-bit phase-shifting circuit.