基于智能手机多参量的无线通信电磁环境测量与感知研究

      Research on measurement and perception of wireless communication electromagnetic environment based on multiple smartphone parameters

      • 摘要: 针对传统电场强度测量成本高、难以大规模部署的问题,本文提出一种基于智能手机多信号参量协同的机器学习预测方法。通过智能手机与频谱仪同步采集多维信号参量,包括参考信号接收功率(reference signal received power, RSRP)、参考信号接收质量(reference signal received quality, RSRQ)、信号与干扰加噪声比(signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, SINR)及接收信号强度指示(received signal strength indicator, RSSI),并同步获取空间场强真值。经数据处理和特征工程,构建了多参量特征集。基于多种树模型与集成学习的对比实验表明,Stacking多参量模型能将预测的平均绝对误差(mean absolute error, MAE)降至0.71 dB,较最佳单参量模型降低约62.4%,同时模型的决定系数(R2)从0.76提升至0.96。参量组合消融实验表明,各信号参量具有互补作用,完整的四参量融合模型预测性能最优。相较于现有机器学习预测模型,本文方法将预测误差进一步降低26.8%,有效展示了融合多维度信号参量进行场强预测的有效性与优势,为构建广覆盖的“众包”式电磁环境监测网络提供了新方案。

         

        Abstract: To address the issues of high cost and difficulty in large-scale deployment of traditional electric field strength measurements, this paper proposes a machine learning prediction method based on multi-parameter signal collaboration from smartphones. We synchronized a smartphone with a spectrum analyzer to acquire multi-dimensional signal parameters—including reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), and received signal strength indicator (RSSI)—while simultaneously capturing the ground-truth spatial field strength. A multi-parameter feature set was constructed after data processing and feature engineering. Comparative experiments based on various tree models and ensemble learning show that the Stacking multi-parameter model reduces the mean absolute error (MAE) of prediction to 0.71 dB, which is approximately 62.4% lower than that of the best single-parameter model, while the coefficient of determination (R2) increases from 0.76 to 0.96. Parameter-combination ablation experiments show that different signal parameters have complementary effects, and the complete four-parameter fusion model achieves the best prediction performance. Compared with existing chine learning models, the proposed method further reduces the prediction error by 26.8%, effectively demonstrating the effectiveness and advantages of integrating multi-dimensional signal parameters for field strength prediction. It provides a new solution for building a wide-coverage, “crowdsourced” electromagnetic environment monitoring network.

         

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